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FOSS AND CALIFORNIA STANDARDS
The Solid Earth Module supports the following
Earth Sciences Content Standards for grade 4.*
EARTH SCIENCES
ES4. The properties of rocks and minerals reflect the
processes that formed them.
As a basis for understanding this concept, students know
ES4a. how to differentiate among igneous, sedimentary, and
metamorphic rocks by referring to their properties and
methods of formation (the rock cycle).
ES4b. how to identify common rock-forming minerals
(including quartz, calcite, feldspar, mica, and
hornblende) and ore minerals by using a table of
diagnostic properties.
ES5. Waves, wind, water, and ice shape and reshape
Earth’s land surface.
As a basis for understanding this concept, students know
ES5a. some changes in the earth are due to slow processes,
such as erosion, and some changes are due to rapid
processes, such as landslides, volcanic eruptions, and
earthquakes.
ES5b. natural processes, including freezing and thawing and
the growth of roots, cause rocks to break down into
smaller pieces.
ES5c. moving water erodes landforms, reshaping the land by
taking it away from some places and depositing it as
pebbles, sand, silt, and mud in other places (weathering,
transport, and deposition).
*Science Content Standards for California Public Schools: Kindergarten
through Grade Twelve (Sacramento: California Department of
Education, 2000).
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